Balance

Balance Balance BalanceHow do we look at space?Objects- Have a certain size. Brightness value, location.Seeing involves all the above.We do not we see a total, visual field. Objects are alive, want to move and return to certain places or remain static. Objects in a space have different forces acting abound them, attraction or repulsion.This means that a visual experience is dynamic.The eye tends to complete objects and perceive them as it wants. Ex: an incomplete circle is seen as a whole circle with a missing part.We as humans are constantly seeking to find the proper distance between objects, a distance which to us feels beautiful and balanced.Forces in an area are not only affected by the boundaries but also by the diagonals.Perpetual forces:Are they real?They are assumed to be real both psychologically and physically.Psychologically- the pull on the disk is experienced by the person looking at it.These pulls have a point of attack, a direction and intensity.For this reason, psychologists speak o f psychological forces.Physically- molecular forces. Retina stimulationTwo disks in one squareForces are still acting from the disks and square.When the two disks lie close, they attract each other and look like an indivisible thing.At a certain distance, they repel each other.These distances change in relation to the square size and dot size.In physical, balance is achieved when the forces acting upon eachother are equal. Equal strength pulling in the opposite direction.When it comes to visiual balance, every object has a centre of gravity. The eye's intuition is the best way to determine balance.There is a difference between physical and visual balaqnce. Ex: a sculpture may be visiually balanced but not physically balanced and may...

Emergency help and human services in relation to Australian Red Cross Essay

Emergency help and human services in relation to Australian Red Cross and the Salvation Army - Essay Example The recent decades have seen a variety of non-profit organizations arise to participate in the provision of charitable work to the general community. The same field has become an area of concern by researchers and academicians in search for how well these organizations can be productive to the world. The non-profit organizational operations are mostly based on voluntary and are therefore considered as relief provision organizations. Though their operational structures may be similar, major differences are often evident in terms of the organizational structures, leadership styles, and the extent of offering corporate social responsibility among others. The mode of raising funds for such organizations is also mainly done via reliance on external sources, for instance, donor funds, community contributions. The management of the non-profit organizations is also mostly in accordance to the institutional and management theories. The willingness of my company to give away the $200,000 to th e two organizations is dependent on the effectiveness of handling their social responsibility to the community. Thus, research will be useful in the making disbursement decisions. However, though many studies have been conducted in regards to the activities of non-profit organizations, no study has directly related a case study for the two organizations as well as a critical comparison between them. The discussion in this case study report aims at investigating the emergency help and human services in relation to Australian Red Cross and the Salvation Army. ... TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive summary 2 1.0 Introduction 5 2.0 A concise and objective organizational overview 6 2.1 Australian Red Cross 6 2.2 The Australian Salvation Army 9 3.0 Comparative study of the organizations 11 3.1 Comparison 12 3.2 Contrast 13 4.0 Recommendations for distribution of $200,000 14 5.0 Conclusion 15 List of References 16 Emergency help and human services in relation to Australian Red Cross and the Salvation Army 1.0 Introduction Emergency assistance and human help entails utilization of non-profit oriented organizations in the meeting of societal urgent needs. The Australian realms have been adequately dominated by a vast array of non-profit organizations, which are inclusive of Australian Red Cross and the Salvation Army. The main purpose of the operation of these organizations includes the performance of charitable activities in the immediate community as a routine. The creation of a compassionate as well as a dignified society is also the divine role of thes e organizations, in a bid to act as complements to the exertion of the public sectors. The effectiveness of these human organizations is dependent upon the level of their corporate social responsibility, as well as their operational scope. The donor organizations that fund such voluntary organizations value corporate social responsibility, thus, my organization desires to disburse the available funds in relation to how each of the two companies handle the immediate society. The structure of an organization also determines the usefulness of efficiency and effectiveness measures in handling the required responsibilities. However, though both of the aforementioned organizations are

Gender, Crime and Criminal Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Gender, Crime and Criminal Justice - Essay Example However this is not necessary, as research shows certain cases where women are convicted to such acts just in order to gain internal satisfaction, which indicates psychological disorders. Prostitution, which is considered to be a common societal dilemma today, was not, always, a criminal offence in England. In eighteenth century; the prostitution offences were specifically soliciting, living off immoral earnings, and running 'houses of ill fame', but these were enforced selectively. Manifestly neither the proprietors, nor the women who catered for gentlemen in these establishments, were perceived as members of a criminal class or professional criminals; and at this end the profits were handsome. The less salubrious 'houses of ill fame' were more vulnerable, though even in some of the poorest districts the police did not interfere with them. (Chesney, 1970) Women could be violent. Some beat, or otherwise ill-treated, servants and apprentices; on occasions such violence went too far and landed them in court. (Crime and Punishment in Eighteenth-Century England, 1989) Women fought each other; less commonly they fought with men and, like Jane Smith, a few fought with the police. Like their men folk Irish women had a particular reputation in this respect. (The Unwritten Law: Criminal Justice in Victorian Kent, 1991) Today a chivalry perspective holds the view that male officers are reluctant to arrest females, thus reducing the number of female offenders counted. Also it is observed that most women offenders are never caught because of the types of crimes they commit. (Otto, 1950) Finally, some observers claim 'paternalism' toward female offenders in the juvenile and criminal justice systems that effectively operates as a filtering-out mechanism. Official accounts, which are largely based upon arrest and court data, are the basis for the compilation of most crime and delinquency statistics. Court data introduce the potential problems of diversion, paternalism, or chivalry, which may distort the number of female offenders. The number of female arrests presents the 'danger of using the terms arrest and crimes committed interchangeably, and arrest statistics may not be the most reliable source of data for determining actual crime rates.' (Rita James Simon, 1975, p. 36) Three different aspects can examine the dilemma of female crime; first, all the specific offenses which are historically associated with female offenders. (Carol Smart, 1976, p. 6-8). The second area of focus includes those offenses for which women and girls are more frequently arrested as indicated in the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Reports (1978). Third, a number of offenses that are generally considered unusual from female characteristics. Violent Crimes Most crimes of violence by females take place in the family setting where the victims are usually the

5 senses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

5 senses - Essay Example When you wash your hair using touch, you can feel the shampoo on your hands. You can feel the warm water running down through your hair. You can feel the running of your fingers through your hair as you massage the lathered up shampoo in your hair. When you use the sense of smell while washing your hair, you can smell the aroma of the shampoo. Whether it be fruity or a subtle lavender smell, your nose will pick up on the scent and send signals to the brain telling you what that smell is. It is a nice clean smell and every product that you use on your hair whether it be shampoo, conditioner, detangler or some other kind, will have some sort of scent. When using the sense of hearing, we can hear a lot of different sounds. When washing the hair, you can hear the shampoo as it squirts into your hand as you squeeze the bottle. You can hear the water trickle down through your hair as it hits the floor of the shower or bath tub. As for the sense of sight, you can see the shampoo or conditioner when you are washing your hair. You see the steam rising up in the shower or bath tub. You can see everything around you and only when you get that shampoo in your eye and you try to rub it out, is your sense of sight kind of blurry. There are several ways that the senses can be used when washing your hair. When we take in what exactly we are feeling and being mindful of using our senses, only then do we get the full experience. Sometimes life is just too busy to recognize what it is our senses are doing but we do know that they are at work or otherwise we would not even know we were having our hair

Revolutionary Mothers Essay Example for Free

Revolutionary Mothers Essay Women of varying races and classes experienced the American Revolution in different ways. Loyalist women over-estimated the power of their class position, Native American women would see their power within their societies diminish, and African American slave women saw their hope for power through freedom subsumed by racial inequality. Regardless of the relative positions of power for each of these classes of women, their experiences as victims of war were similar. The chaos of war and a changing political system left few women, if any, truly better off it its wake. Enslaved African American women, those with the least amount of social or political power before the American Revolution, were taunted with promises of freedom from British office holders and eventually British generals. However, these promises only came to fruition for a fraction of the tens of thousands of slaves who left their masters in search of freedom. Dunmore’s Proclamation of 1775 enticed slaves to fight for the British Army in exchange for freedom. Dunmore’s â€Å"Ethiopian Regiment† met with disaster through disease and capture. Half of the regiment and its female followers died of smallpox (124). When the regiment was captured by Americans, thirty people were sold back into slavery in the Caribbean as an example of what would happen to slaves who sided with the British (124). Four thousand slaves, men, women, and children, fled with General Cornwallis. When he was forced to surrender Charleston to the Americans, many of the slaves who were with him were sent to NY and eventually to freedom in Canada (125). Not all those who encountered the British Army were freed. When General Henry Clinton ordered that Patriot personal property be confiscated, that included slaves. Clinton treated these slaves as property of the British Army and forced women to do the soldier’s laundry and help build fortifications (127). African American women who did manage to escape to Canada, were victims of racial hierarchy. The best lands available went to white refugees rather than black refugees. Those who made it to Canada were subject to  violence from whites when they stepped outside of their accustomed economic and social roles (129). There are regional differences for African American women who did not did not flee during British promises of freedom. Gradual abolition in the North meant opportunities for freedom. However, these opportunities were limited by racial hierarchy. In the South, farmers and plantation owners relied on slave labor to rebuild the agrarian economy in the wake of the Revolutionary War (133). As slavery became further entrenched in the Southern economy and culture, freedom became nearly impossible. Of the tens of thousands of slaves who fled, the British formally granted only 1300 men, 914 women, and 740 children freedom (129). Many white loyalist women also escaped to Canada. However, many elite loyalist women overestimated the power granted to them by their class standing. Loyalist women left behind when their husbands went to fight for the British were powerless to prevent patriots from taking their property and removing them from their homes. Elite women’s marriages, property, children, and mere presence were politicized (98). Women who chose to flee or who fled to escape the violence of the patriots were unwanted burdens on their enemies and allies alike (100). Not all loyalist women were hapless victims. Those who chose to act as individual political agents by aiding British soldiers and passing intelligence forced an alteration to the American’s language surrounding traitors. Treason laws which previously read, â€Å"he,† were changed to include both men and women (103). Women who fled invariably faced hardships in the harsh travelling conditions. Wealthier women fared better than those of modest means. Wealthy women were more likely to survive the journey to Canada and find adequate shelter once they arrived. Women of less means lived in tents during harsh winters and faced starvation. By the end of the war, the elite social classes were rebuilding their societal structure in Canada (106). Though many were still bitter about losing their farms and possessions, they made a gentrified society out of the relative wilderness of Canada (106). Native American women lost the most in terms of position and power during the American Revolution. Women were an integral part of the political decision making process in Native American nations. Women leaders of the  Mohawk, Cherokee, and Munsee Delaware sought to coexist with white settlers, none were successful. Molly Brant, mistress to British Indian Agent William Johnson held considerable sway with both Mohawk and British. She relied upon for her diplomatic skills and remained loyal to her husband’s British background even after his death in 1774 (111). Nancy War attempted to keep the peace between Cherokee and white settlers from her position on the Cherokee General Council and as leader of the Women’s Council (115). When negotiating a treaty with white settlers, Queen Esther Montour of the Munsee Delaware suggested the white man with who she was negotiating take the proposed treaty back for him women to read. He was incredulous at the idea that his women would have anything to say in political matters (116). None of these women had â€Å"counterparts in American colonial society† (118). White men who wanted to trade or negotiate with Native Americans were forced to deal with women in positions of power. Molly Brant took political action when she warned her brother of American soldiers intent on providing support at Fort Stanwix. Her efforts made her an enemy to the Americans and an enemy of the Oneida, a tribe once united in Confederacy with her own Mohawk. Molly’s home war raided and she was forced to flee. At the end of the war, like so many other women, she was exiled to the relative safety of Canada. British men came to respect women like Molly Brant. However, it was much more common for European men to view the gender structure of Native American society as abhorrence against God’s natural law. Once America had secured its independence, Native American women’s positions of power within their cultures was subsumed by assimilation efforts of the new American nation. Native Americans refashioned their societies in the face of threats and pressures from Americans who pushed European norms onto Native Americans. The spiritual and political roles for women were lost in these efforts (119). Although these groups of women started out in very different circumstances before the war, and ended with different social circumstances, they shared a common thread of the necessity to flee. They even often shared a common location of safety and freedom: Canada. None of these women had a place of freedom or power within the new American Republic. Many more slaves remained as such than gained freedom during the American Revolution. Elite women  eventually regained status lost during the Revolution, but in a new, harsher land. Native American women’s social and political positions were devastated by the results of the American Revolution. Just as their nations slowly lost their sovereignty and autonomy, so did Native American women lose their power and freedom within their communities.

Structural Sociologists vs Interpretive Sociologists Essay examples --

Is it true that structural sociologists use only quantitative methods while interpretive sociologists use only qualitative methods? The methods that sociologists use to conduct their research vary and can depend on practical considerations such as suitability of the method, and theoretical considerations such as the sociologist’s theoretical position. Interpretive sociologists focus on the meanings and definitions which guide and direct behaviour, they claim that understanding human behaviour involves seeing the world through the eyes of those being studied. Structural sociologists can be called positivists. Positivist sociology models itself on the natural sciences such as physics, it is concerned with behaviour that can be directly observed and quantified e.g. the number of visits to the doctors in one year. It attempts to explain human behaviour by discovering cause and effect relationships e.g. Durkheim claimed he had found a causal relationship between social isolation and suicide. Interpretivists use a range of research methods. They often use unstructu...

A Comparison of Hubris in Catcher in the Rye, Scarlet Letter, and Great Gatsby :: compare and contrast essay examples

Hubris in the Protagonists of Catcher in the Rye, Scarlet Letter, and Great Gatsby       Aristotle praised Sophocles' King Oedipus as the definitive Greek tragedy; however, he could not have surmised the influence of Oedipus' tragic pride on modern day literature and philosophy. Hubris, the only true crime, has had a threefold influence: it is a reason for downfall as well as a characteristic of criminal motivation; it is manifested in the diverse protagonists of Salinger, Fitzgerald, and Hawthorne; and it is forgiven only by repentance for wrongdoing and the complete surrender of pride.    The erroneous idea that pride is only a predominant characteristic of crime, rather than a crime itself, would put tragic hero Oedipus on the same level as serial killer Charles Manson: while both are guilty of committing heinous acts, Oedipus relinquishes his pride and, ironically suffering under his own proclamation of exile, does penance for his crimes, whereas Manson shows no remorse for his vile and disturbing bloodletting. Oedipus' ultimate repentance is proof that he realizes his hubris and understands his mistakes, as irreparable as they may be.    All human filthiness in one crime compounded! Unspeakable acts-I speak no more of them. Hide me at once, for God's love, hide me away... Touch me, and have no fear. On no man else But on me alone is the scourge of my punishment. (64)    Had Oedipus sought to blame another for his crimes, or denied his own responsibility for his actions, he would have been no nobler than a common criminal; Oedipus is redeemed by his strength of character.    The hamartia of hubris lives on 2500 years after Aristotle lauded King Oedipus as the quintessential Greek tragedy; pride has evolved into an integral characteristic of the majority of literary characters from J.D. Salinger's angry, disillusioned Holden Caulfield to F. Scott Fitzgerald's idealistic Jay Gatsby to Nathaniel Hawthorne's tortured Reverend Dimmesdale.    Holden's pride in his sarcastic perception of the world around him perpetuates his cynicism and frustration with life, making him unrealistic and incapable of finding happiness. He believes himself omniscient, and that other "people never notice anything" (Salinger 9). Oedipus' belief in his own infallibility makes him equally unrealistic; soon after Oedipus' sins are revealed, the chorus of Elders conveys a Holden-esque message of discontent:    All generations of mortal man add up to nothing! Show me the man whose happiness was anything more than illusion